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Expatriates' Intercultural Effectiveness: Relevant Variables and Implications

Faculty of Business, Northern Territory University

Behavioural, attitudinal, cognitive, and personality traits factors have been recognized as the main determinants of intercultural effectiveness. This paper argues for the need to recognize that expatriates having similar behavioural, attitudinal, cognitive, and traits characteristics may vary significantly in their intercultural effectiveness. This is because some expatriates may be effective or ineffective by chance or birth (ascribed rather than achieved). Therefore, the expatriate's 'socio-biographical' background such as his/her ethnicity, age, nationality, educational qualification, profession (role) and religion is noted as among the most significant factors that can influence intercultural effect iveness. It is argued that these variables deserve serious attention given that the national and ethnic backgrounds of expatriates are very diverse. The implications of the 'socio-biograpbical' factor on expatriate management is also discussed.

Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 33, No. 1, 40-59 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/103841119503300103


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